Proportional Integral Derivative PID is one of the most commonly used control algorithms due its ease of use and minimal required knowledge of the system or plant to be controlled. In this tutorial, we will design the velocity controller for a DC motor. For the sake of simplicity consider a basic transfer function for a DC motor where effects such as friction and disturbances are being considered:.
Your goal is to implement a PID algorithm that is going to run on a Real-Time controller with a loop rate of Hz 0. Figure 1. Now double-click on the Transfer Function block to input the transfer function parameters. Figure 3. Input Transfer Function parameters. Now implement the PID algorithm. You can use this window to configure the simulation loop to handle timing with this particular VI.
Assume the controller is going to run at a Hz loop rate, so select discrete with a period value of 0. Finally, right-click on the dt s terminal and create a constant.
This should be the same as the digital period you created previously, 0. To create an input signal, use a step signal. Leave parameters as they are configured by default. Figure 4. Create an input signal using a step signal. Now create the components necessary to view the simulation results. Collect these signals and plot them on a graph on the Front Panel. Connect all the signals as shown in Figure 5. Figure 5. Collect the signals. If you rearrange the Front Panel elements and use the default values, you will end up with a graph similar to Figure You can easily develop conclusions in the graphical user interface.
Your projects are easy to comprehend since the presentations are presented in illustrative charts instead of linear code. Visual diagrams can mirror thought processes. You can move info between functions in the interactive user interface.
The code will be recompiled with each new action that you make. You can restructure coding errors that appear in real-time instead of at the end of projects since the code is automatically kept current. The graphical user interface lets you easily visualize parallelism in your code with charts.
LabVIEW is commonly used to control instruments to make accurate measurements. An extensive hardware integration suite is available for a variety of electronic devices: benchtop instruments, FPGA-based embedded computer hardware, PC-based data acquisition boards, software-defined radios, etc.
PID algorithms are already included in the software package. Analysis and signal processing algorithms let you learn about your experiments. The platform exposes you to the graphical programming language called G. National Instruments created the programming language G to make coding easier, but you are not required to use this language.
LabVIEW is one of the easiest programming environments to use. The visual approach that the software takes is easier to understand than linear coding. You can quickly build simple projects or complex processes. The active VIs will be listed above the menu bar. The Front Panel is the user interface that gives you input and output. The inputs are known as controls whereas the outputs are called indicators.
You can change the numerical values to manipulate the outcome. Drag and drop controls and indicators let you easily build custom user interfaces.
The Block Diagram uses graphical source code to let you write functions and structures that deliver outputs. The Connector and Icon Pane are in the upper right corner of the graphical user interface.
The Icon is the visual representation that includes the image and text of the VI. LabVIEW lets you automate tests to receive reliable results that you can organize. You can choose from an extensive catalog of algorithms including filters, mathematics, scripts and formats, signal processing, sound, and vibration, etc.
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